Can Domestic Violence Be A Learnt Behaviour Social Work Essay Essays

Can Domestic Violence Be A Learnt Behaviour Social Work Essay Essays Can Domestic Violence Be A Learnt Behaviour Social Work Essay Essay Can Domestic Violence Be A Learnt Behaviour Social Work Essay Essay In this chapter the research worker will be researching if Domestic force is a learnt behavior. There are many different theories as to why work forces are more violent than adult females. These theories include biological theories, which focus on hormonal forms and aggression ; psychological theories, which focus on personality types and upsets ; depth psychology, which looks at projection and supplanting and sociological theories, which focus on constructs grounded in interpersonal, corporate, institutional, structural or social procedures ( Hearn 1998: 17 ) .A A A A Biological account suggests that adult females are intelligibly less violent than work forces. Maccoby and Jacklin ( 1975 ) explicate how adult females show choler and their relationship towards work forces are different to work forces, which indicate that jobs are resolved without any force behaviour.A Biological theories explain how force is occurred between male and female, this can be due to their chromosomes, endocrines, genetic sciences and territoriality. Following the consideration of biological account, into the research worker pathological theory. This theory explains the maltreater is enduring from a pathological status ; this status can be related on psychiatric unwellness or issues from pique of one or both spouses. ( Hague Malos, 1993 ; Johnson 1995 ) This theory was accepted in the 1970 s when force became really popular in households and caused many jobs and issues. The United States carried out a survey and focused on abused households they found that female parents were discrete of their force from their kids. Gayford ( 1978 ) cited in Johnson in 1995 researched that adult females that have been physically abused have a grade of incompetency. The individual responsible for being an maltreater are said to be weak, pathological covetous work forces that are missing in low ego regard and are sing anxiousness particularly about their manfulness. Hague Malos ( 1993 ) argue that these issues are still current in psychopathology and psychological science ; these issues have risen from the person and non hold been able to suc cess through in their relationship ( Hague Malos 1993 ) . Finally the research worker explored societal acquisition theory. Johnson 1995 analysed a theory called Social acquisition theory, this theory explains work forces being an maltreater towards adult females as a erudite behavior. OLeary ( 1989 ) states that force is taught force, household members use this function if the household is stressed, has an aggressive personality manner. The cardinal characteristics that trigger force are soldierly problem, intoxicant maltreatment, when these factor emerge force is likely to take topographic point. Marsden ( 1997 ) besides looked into this theory and argued OLeary statement he suggested the work forces who are violent in the maturity were frequently abused whilst being kids. The kids became psychologically disturbed and observed the male parents behaviour that repeatedly battered them. Marsden ( 1997 ) besides studied that if immature misss that were besides physically abused in their childhood may besides believe it is norm behaviors and may happen themselves in vulnerable place with their spouses. Another alternate theory besides suggests that force can be learned through life, by neighbors, packs or certain professions for illustration constabulary force and the ground forces this can be reflected as the sub- civilization theoretical account ( Hague and Malos, 1993 ) In a cross civilization survey of household force Hague ( 1997 ) found that some civilizations had some household values and beliefs that highlight aggression and force. In some household background married woman whipping and kids whipping is considered to be allowed in certain groups. Abusers frequently find themselves a portion of a rhythm, copying behavior from their ain male parents that had abused their female parents in their Muslim environment. As a consequence kids learn this opprobrious behavior and get down to mistreat their ain married womans, believing and accepting this behavior as normal. This is found to be an of import purpose because the longer the Muslim community allows maltreatment ; the longer it will be observed and rein act from male parent to boy, from coevals to coevals this will go on in a uninterrupted rhythm ( Hague Malos 2003 ) Anand ( 2003 ) research and recognized that chiefly adult females experienced domestic force in their ain places, and it is due to work forces being responsible for this behavior. It has been shown an increasing acknowledgment that life, turning and detecting in an environment of force can take to effects on kids in their development, either to cover with direct maltreatment, observed force to their female parents or have had a alteration in the ambiance and environment of their place. While there is no consistent reaction to populating with domestic force, Friedberg ( 2000 ) high spots those kids who have lived in the background of domestic force may hold mild mental wellness issues, compared to kids from a non-violent place. The Department of Health model working Together to Safeguard Children papers ( 1999 ) provinces, prolonged and/or regular exposure to domestic force can hold a serious impact on a kid s development and emotional wellbeing ( subdivision 2.21 ) . Domestic force has showed an influence on a wider prospective for kids of behavioral, physical and psychological graduated table line that could impact immature kids that have experienced this affair may ensue domestic force on a short period of clip or a longer term. Humphreys ( 2004 ) stated that different kids react to different state of affairss in a different manner. Children s behavior responds to life experience of domestic force are hard and will change harmonizing to a mass of factors that may act upon the degree of impact on their physical and mental wellbeing. These factors include: age, gender, race, disablement, gender, relationship with chief carer and siblings and single kids holding a get bying mechanism and endurance schemes. Humphreys ( 2004 ) further lineations that immature kids between the ages of 3-5years old are more likely to hold or demo physical symptoms of the anxiousness and hurt, these kids may show these frights by different behavior and emotionally. When kids start to go in their adolescent phase they may seek to disregard the memories of past behavior by turning to drugs for comfort, early matrimony or gestation, running off, or pull attending by going a felon. Boys and misss are shown to cover with experiences in different ways. A gender function can be stereotyped and may act upon kids to cover otherwise. Harmonizing to Lupton and Gillespie ( 1994 ) and Hester et Al ( 2000 ) Muslim kids that are born with a disablement may act upon the impact of domestic force, a adult female who is pregnant and facing domestic force may lend the relation to the disablement. Marsden ( 1978 ) researched and linked those kids that were traumatised and witnessed domestic force in the place kids with show marks of station traumatic emphasis upset ( PTSD ) , a type of go oning anxiousness upset following experience of a traumatic event. It is thought that a deficiency of incorporation from an early of unafraid fond regard relationship can take to long term cognitive, emotional and societal troubles during subsequently childhood and grownup life ( Marsden 1978 ) . Harmonizing to Mernessi ( 1991 ) , many kids who have experienced abuse and/or disregard express insecure fond regard forms. Domestic force may impact the parents to keep a consistent relationship with their kids and this will take to farther behavior form ( Mernessi 1991 ) . Friedberg ( 2000 ) does a farther survey and finds that immature kids confronting twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours life with domestic force are less likely to hold close physical contact with their parents and such parent s are incognizant of their behaviors and get down to demo negative signals. Domestic force is besides linked with high degrees of kid disregard and unfavorable judgment. The type of relationship a female parent gives a kid may hold an affected by extra factors in the state of affairs of domestic force such as physical hurt, depression, drug and intoxicant usage and separation due to fuss go forthing or child running off. Violence and opprobrious male parent figures have been seen to be more hurt, less physically attached, and use more negative control techniques such as physical penalty and verbal maltreatment, when holding the duty to being a the primary carer function ( Friedberg 2000 ) . When a adult female is being abused non merely is her rearing ability and her relationships with her kids likely to be affected ; there is besides a higher possibility that kids may be abused. Clark ( 2000 ) researched that domestic force and kid maltreatment occur together in 45-70 % of instances ; as a consequence domestic force is now alleged to be a critical index of hazard of injury to kids, with the male of course besides the kid s maltreater. In some conditions adult females have used force themselves but this is normally to forestall harsher action from their spouse ( Presscott Letko 1997 ) . Research carried out ( Shostack 2001 ) states that kids who are abused physically and/or sexually and detect domestic force are twice every bit much abused and show immense sum of hurt. ( Shostack 2001 ) states that kids that witness force to their female parents can hold a more of an impact to their life style instead than their ain maltreatment holding an impact to their behavior. Not all theories can supply equal replies, but when several theories are combined to supply a multi account, it presents a clearer image of why Muslim work forces are more violent than adult females. These factors can include force in Muslim community, household relationship, cultural norms and values, turning up in a Muslim society, the personality of the person who miss-use substances, these factors may all unify to an account where violent behavior is much more likely to go on ( Ainsworth 2000 ) . A